15 Tips for Managing Interferon-Ribavirin Side Effects
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Although it affects an estimated four to five million Americans, there is still no easy formula to eliminate the Hepatitis C virus (HCV). At best, infected individuals have a 50 percent chance of triumphing over the virus by enduring standard combination therapy, a notoriously challenging treatment with pegylated interferon and ribavirin medications. Most experts believe that the success rate of these drugs would be much higher without the burden of their potentially serious side effects. In cooperation with a physician, those with HCV who can manage standard combination therapy’s side effects are more likely to complete the drug regimen at full strength – and thus have a better chance of ridding the virus from their body.
Especially apparent in the first several weeks of treatment, the side effects of these drugs range from mild to severe. Managing these effects can be simple, involving lifestyle modifications, logical home remedies and taking some routine medications. Beyond these basics, working with a knowledgeable physician is important for customizing a plan to help someone manage their side effects.
The side effects from interferon and ribavirin therapy often lead to lowered dosages or even discontinuation of these drugs. Physicians agree that the more a dosage is reduced, the less of a chance the therapy has at successfully killing HCV. However, dose reduction or discontinuation of interferon or ribavirin may be indicated immediately if severe side effects develop.
Fifteen suggestions to discuss with your physician for managing the most common side effects of combination therapy are outlined below:
- Getting a full night’s sleep helps the body recover from physical and emotional stressors. Being fully rested lessens the side effects of fatigue, headache, fever, myalgia (muscle pain), irritability and insomnia.
- Keeping hydrated is helpful to counteract the drying properties of combination therapy. Keeping hydrated is advised to improve fatigue, headache, fever, myalgia and dry mouth.
- Eating well-balanced meals helps the body bounce back from fatigue, headache, fever and myalgia.
- Engaging in regular exercise keeps your circulation going and thus helps prevent fatigue, headache, fever and myalgia.
- Taking a hot bath or using hot packs is recognized for helping relieve myalgia.
- Taking acetaminophen (Tylenol) or NSAIDS can reduce fatigue, headaches, fever, myalgias or liver pain. However, dosage and safety considerations must be confirmed by your doctor since these drugs may place an additional burden on the liver.
- Include ginger in your day by drinking it in tea, ale or snacking on ginger baked goods to relieve nausea.
- Taking ribavirin with food and eating small, frequent meals helps ease ribavirin-related nausea.
- Prochlorperazine (compazine) may stop nausea but should only be done under a physician’s guidance.
- Avoiding stimulants like caffeine at night can reduce insomnia and irritability.
- Practicing relaxation techniques, such as taking a deep breath and counting to ten, can significantly help reduce irritability.
- Taking selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have been proven effective in treating the depression associated with interferon therapy for certain individuals. The additional side effects of SSRIs and treatment guidelines must be carefully evaluated by your physician.
- Sharing feelings with friends, family or a support group can help many people cope with the irritability and depression often accompanying HCV therapy.
- Being gentle with your hair can help minimize hair loss. This includes not pulling on or braiding the hair, avoiding vigorous combing or brushing and only using natural (not harsh) hair products.
- Avoiding hot or spicy foods minimizes mouth irritation. For those dealing with the side effects of a dry mouth or mouth sores, avoiding these types of foods is a must.
Some of these tips for managing side effects are easily accomplished at home while others require collaboration with your physician. However it is accomplished, reducing side effect severity helps people endure a full course of combination therapy, a feat that increases their odds of eliminating the Hepatitis C virus.
References:
www.clevelandclinic.org, Managing Side Effects of Hepatitis C Treatment, The Cleveland Clinic Department of Patient Education and Health Information, 2008.
www.hepatitis.va.gov, Clinical Manual: Interferon and Ribavirin Treatment Side Effects, United States Department of Veteran Affairs, 2008.
www.hepcawareness.net.au, Treatment Side Effects, Australian Hepatitis Council, 2008.
